China Water Conservancy News: Unforgettable Memories of Home and country -- Review and Enlightenment of 2016 Flood Control, Flood Fighting and Typhoon Prevention

From 9 PM on June 28 to 8 PM on June 29, heavy rain hit Yuanling county, Hunan province. At 18:53 on June 28, Fengtan Reservoir opened the sluice and discharged 10 400 cubic meters per second, effectively easing the flood control pressure in the upper reaches of the reservoir. (Photo by Stringer Ling Changqi)

Editor's note: Under the influence of the super El Nino event, this year's weather is abnormal, the flood time is early, the rainfall intensity is large, the flood range is wide, the frequency of typhoons is high, the flood disaster is serious, especially the Taihu Lake, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the biggest flood since 1998. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council, the National Federation for Prevention and Control worked with all localities and departments concerned to make advance arrangements, strengthen classified guidance and scientific command and dispatch, and take timely response measures to minimize disaster losses, effectively guarantee the safety of people's lives and property, and strongly support stable economic and social development. Today, the national defense General will hold a plenary meeting, this newspaper launched a feature, a panoramic review of 2016 flood control and typhoon prevention work, to satisfy readers.

□ Bi Bong-fei, Dong-A Ilbo reporter

Heavy rains come one after another, typhoons come one after another, and the super El Nino event makes China's flood season in 2016 especially not calm. From the Yangtze River to Taihu Lake, from the southwest to the northeast, rivers over alert, flood emergency, test the ability and wisdom of the Chinese nation flood control.

In the face of danger, not chaos, act with determination. This flood season, many years of weaving flood control net handed over the "flood no disaster" victory answer book: large and medium-sized reservoirs no dam collapse, major river dikes no breach, rivers, lakes and reservoirs danger has been effectively controlled, compared with the average since 2000, the affected population, the number of deaths, collapsed houses reduced 27\%, 49\%, 57\%. This flood season, the critical moment of firm and powerful deployment, the meeting room all night lights, the figure of running hard work in the wind and rain, the consciousness of emergency time to help each other, constitute the flood control in 2016 can not erase the memory.

Strong leadership, braced with one heart, flood control and flood fighting demonstrate the great power

The water level at Shaoguan Water Station on the Beijiang River in South China's Guangdong province reached 53.25 meters at 3 am on March 21 due to heavy rainfall, 0.25 meters above the warning level. With the "arbitrary entry flood representing the flood station which exceeds the alarm stage" as a sign, on March 21, our country announced the flood season, which is 11 days earlier than the average for many years.

This seems to have laid a dignified background for this year's flood season, but also caused the central leadership to attach great importance to. After that, every round of heavy rain touched their hearts, and every flood attracted their attention.

As the country enters the main flood season, we instructed the People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force to strongly support local governments in flood control and relief work in view of the severe flood situation and the arduous task of flood control and relief. On July 20, at the conference on coordination of poverty alleviation in the Eastern and western regions, he made an important speech on flood control, flood fighting, rescue and relief work. On July 28, during the investigation in Tangshan, Hebei Province, they put forward clear requirements for flood control and flood relief work during the critical period of "seven down and eight up".

July 5 to 6, Premier Li Keqiang in the critical juncture of flood control and flood fighting, went to Anhui, Hunan, Hubei three provinces, Zhuang Taiwan, the embankment, the river, the inspection of dangerous sections, lasted 30 hours to investigate the Yangtze River, Huaihe river basin flood control and flood control work, the scene command flood relief, overnight held a meeting of some provinces flood control work, required to ensure the safety of people's lives, Ensure the safety of important embankments and facilities. On July 29, during the main flood season of "seven down and eight up", Premier Li Keqiang made a special trip to the National flood control headquarters to inspect the work and presided over a special working meeting, asking to ensure a timely response, strong command and effective response.

As early as March 22, which is just the second day of the flood season, Vice Premier Wang Yang presided over the first plenary meeting of the National Head of State for flood control and drought relief work to make a comprehensive deployment. Later, he presided over four meetings of the National General Conference on flood control and flood fighting, and put forward clear requirements for winning the battle of flood control and flood fighting, and rushed to the front line for many times to guide flood control and flood fighting rescue and disaster relief work.

It can be said that when there is a major flood situation, when there is their firm and thorough deployment; Where there is a disaster, where there are their concerns about the livelihood of the people. According to the statistics of the State Prevention Office, this year the central leadership made important instructions on flood control and flood fighting as many as 100 times.

As the national command center of flood control and drought relief, the national General bear the organization, coordination and dispatching tasks of flood control, flood control and typhoon prevention.

As early as the beginning of the year of the national water Resources Department director meeting, the deputy director general of the State, Minister of Water Resources Chen Lei stressed to do a solid job of flood control, drought and typhoon prevention, to ensure the safety of people's lives and urban and rural water supply safety. Then, on January 15, the State flood control Headquarters held a video conference on the work of flood control and drought relief, requiring high attention to the impact of El Nino events and a comprehensive arrangement of various tasks. After the flood, Minister Chen Lei continued to sit in the national General command center, with the secretary general of the State, deputy Minister of water resources Liu Ning, the chief planner Zhang Zhitong, and the director of the National Defense Office Li Kungang and other leaders and experts together, discuss the water situation rain situation, study and judge the flood situation development situation, start the flood and typhoon early warning, sent working groups to local guidance, Firmly grasp the initiative of flood control and flood fighting. During the critical period of flood control and flood fighting, several officials from the Ministry of Water Resources rushed to inspect and guide flood control and flood fighting in the Taihu Lake, Yangtze River, Huaihe River and Liaohe River basins, as well as Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning and Jiangxi provinces.

The business room and duty room of the National Defense Association witness the process of in-depth discussion, careful study and judgment and intense deployment, as well as the generation and development of floods and the final victory of flood fighting.

Even so, since flood control and flood fighting is a complex and systematic project, especially in the face of heavy rain and floods, it is necessary for all relevant localities, all relevant departments and all relevant forces to participate in the joint, one heart and one mind, coordinated combat.

Flood conditions continue to develop, and defenses are being upgraded.

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Jianli below the main stream and the water level of the two lakes all over the alarm, the Yangtze River emergency! Lake Taihu is in danger as its water level climbs toward record levels. Southwest heavy rainfall, North China heavy rainfall, northeast heavy rainfall...... In the face of rare flood situation, the overall planning and dispatching of the river basin, provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) Party and government leaders to command. "The flood control and relief as the current top priority to catch!" "It must be taken seriously, responsibility must be strengthened, and measures must be implemented as soon as possible." "Leading officials should be in place, going to the front line when they should go and to the headquarters when they should go." ... Flood control and flood fighting have become the top priority. Party committees and governments at all levels in disaster-hit provinces and regions attach great importance to flood control and flood fighting throughout, strengthen the responsibility system for flood control and typhoon prevention with the chief executive responsibility system as the core, strengthen leadership over flood fight and rescue, and spare no effort in mobilization and organization. All relevant departments have performed their respective duties, operated in an orderly manner, cooperated closely and made full efforts to implement the arrangements and arrangements of the State General Defense.

In Jingjiang River, Dongting, Taihu Lake, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the southeast coast, the Songhua River bank, at the most critical moment of flood control and flood relief, in the most critical place, the People's Liberation Army, armed police force, public security police always without exception become the "vanguard" and "main force", undertake a large number of urgent, difficult and dangerous tasks, forming a strong joint force of military and local joint forces.

Great River north and south rolled out the flood control net, all forces into a rope, close cooperation, a total of difficulties. In the face of the flood season, the major victory in flood control and flood fighting has become a powerful illustration of the superiority of the socialist system and a vivid demonstration of the great power of China.

People-oriented, respect the law, advanced concepts to guide the practice of flood fighting

Shi Qingliang, 75, of Longbi Village, Murong Town, Guzhang County, Hunan Province, will never forget July 17. In less than five hours, 203 millimeters of rain fell on the town of Murrong, with the maximum rainfall of 104.9 millimeters in one hour. At 12:05 PM, the mountain behind Longi Village row several buildings collapsed, about 10,000 cubic meters of debris flow poured down, immediately destroyed 14 houses. Fortunately, under the organization of village cadres, Shi Qingliang old man and more than 500 people in the village were evacuated in time, and no one was killed or injured.

The flood situation is uncertain and there is a good way to prevent it. What is the "road" of flood control?

-- Putting people first and putting life first.

Flood control and flood fighting, based on the "prevention", the key in the "resistance", and the core in the "people".

And the flood race, is a "life and death speed" contest. Hong 'an County, Hubei province, was hit by heavy rain on July 1. Local authorities evacuated more than 2,450 people within three hours, with no casualties. On July 18, heavy rainfall broke out in Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing. The county level mountain flood disaster monitoring and warning system issued early warning information, and governments at all levels evacuated more than 1,200 people. On the morning of July 19, Jiaokou Village in Anyang County, Henan Province, moved more than 1,400 people to a safe area according to the warning system, effectively avoiding casualties...

According to statistics, this year's flood season, a total of 1,447 counties (cities, districts) across the country issued nearly 50,000 county-level mountain flood disaster warnings, using mountain flood disaster monitoring and early warning platforms to send more than 11.75 million early warning messages, start early warning broadcast nearly 90,000 times, transferring 5.4 million people at risk. Behind the tremendous work intensity, is the concept of life first into the mind.

This is true in the face of mountain torrents, as it is in the face of rainstorms, floods and typhoons. Cherish every life, to ensure the safety of the people's lives in the first place, has been integrated into the blood of people responsible for flood control at all levels.

-- A profound understanding of the harmonious coexistence of man and water.

At 7 o 'clock on July 14, 333 explosive points were detonated in turn, and the kilometer long dike of Niushan Lake collapsed instantly. The dike of Liangzi Lake, the second largest lake in Hubei Province, was successfully broken and the flood diversion was successful, easing the tension in Liangzi Lake, which had been exceeding the safety limit for several days. According to water resources experts in Hubei province, after the destruction of the dike, the two lakes became one lake, and the original Niushan Lake could bear 50 million cubic meters of water in Liangzi Lake.

This is not only an emergency measure for flood control and security, but also a permanent way to return the yuan to the lake. Ren Zhenhe, vice governor of Hubei Province, said that to implement the Liangzi Lake flood diversion and storage measures is to "unite" the cut lakes, "restore" the changed waters, and "make up" the lost flood control function, so that water can follow the old road and return to the "mother's home" and harmony between people and water.

The return of Hubei lake reflects the deepening of the understanding of the relationship between man and water and the sublimation of the idea of flood control.

From blocking to combination of blocking, from flood control to flood management, from human flooding back to human water harmony, experienced the baptism of water disasters, more and more respect for nature, but also more and more profound understanding of the way of human water coexistence.

-- It is a strong guarantee for flood control in accordance with the law.

The water level in Taihu Lake rose to 4.65 meters at around 6:00 am on July 3, causing excessive flooding in the lake basin. At 20 o 'clock on July 7, the National General Manager approved the "Taihu Lake Basin in 2016 exceed standard flood response plan", decided to open the east bank of the east Tiaoxi diversion gate, East Taihu Guaijing port hub, Wangyu River east bank gate discharge, the Huangpu River on both sides of the sluicesgate according to the water situation to open the tide.

This will speed up the discharge of flood water from Taihu Lake and increase flood control pressure on two provinces and one city in the basin. However, in the face of the overall situation of flood control in Taihu Lake, the two provinces and one city resolutely implemented the dispatching plan, without compromising.

Share the water and bear the flood. The responsibilities of two provinces and one city in the Taihu Basin fully reflect the principle that the local interests determined by the flood Prevention Law are subordinate to the overall interests and that the flood control work should combine the management of the river basin with that of the administrative region.

But our country legally establishes "the six one integrity" responsibility system for flood control and disaster relief, the responsibility system with various administrative chiefs responsible system as the core for the flood control and drought relief, the socialized and coordinated ensure mechanism, it also ensures the "net" fully covered.

-- It is a scientific and orderly response to flood control.

Collect local water and rain data, analyze meteorological conditions to make forecasts, sort out the latest information on flood control and drought relief, hold flood control meetings and chambers of commerce, initiate emergency response, and issue deployment notices... In a hurry, overtime, this is the flood season duty period, the prevention office, hydrology Bureau and other unit staff normal.

Since April, the National Defense General has been on 24-hour emergency duty. They are always more detailed in their analysis, more accurate in their judgment, and more thorough in their preparations.

According to statistics, the national General Chamber of Commerce held this year more than 170 times, start flood control emergency response 19 times, sent more than 320 working groups. The river basin and local flood control headquarters also launched emergency response in time, and strengthened the implementation of flood control measures according to the plan.

During the flood season, the water situation prediction center of the Ministry of Water Resources is on 24-hour duty. They can collect real-time data from nearly 100,000 hydrological flood stations within 20 minutes, and make and release flood forecasts for more than 170 major rivers and 2,300 rivers, reservoirs and lakes within two hours.

Do not fight a war unprepared. Early warning and forecast, weather and water conditions, consultation and analysis, emergency response, scientific scheduling... Increasingly perfect flood control information system and increasingly advanced flood control technology system provide basis and support for scientific decision-making, so that flood control and flood fighting more prepared and orderly.

Flood clipping peak, to protect the LAN, the engineering system becomes a powerful arm

This year's flood season, the worst since 1998 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, has once again put the Three Gorges in the spotlight.

Does the Three Gorges Project work? Let's look at a set of data: from June 30 to July 20, 7.5 billion cubic meters of water from the upper reaches of the Three Gorges Reservoir was trapped, and 22.72 billion cubic meters of water was trapped in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River above Chenglingji reservoir group, reducing the water levels of the Jingjiang River reach, the area around Chenglingji, and the river reach below Wuhan by 0.8 ~ 1.7 meters, 0.7 ~ 1.3 meters, and 0.2 ~ 0.4 meters, respectively. If there is no reservoir group, the direct result will be that the whole Jingjiang reach of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will be over alert, increasing the overwarning degree by 250 kilometers. Two flood storage and detention zones, East of Datong Lake and Qianliang Lake, will be used in the Dongting Lake District, which will inundate 520,000 mu of cultivated land and relocate 380,000 people.

"This year's flood season without the Three Gorges and the upper and middle reaches of the reservoir group to cut peak flood storage, the consequences are unimaginable." National chief inspector, spokesman Zhang Jiatuan said.

It is through the joint operation of the reservoir groups of the main and tributary branches of the Yangtze River, with the Three Gorges Reservoir as the head, coordinated operation, flood prevention and storage, and peak reduction, that the multiple goals have been achieved, such as no flood diversion in Dongting Lake, no overrush in the reach of the Jingjiang River, no danger of major dikes in the Yangtze River breaking, and no danger of flood engulfment in Yiyang Taojiang River and other cities and counties.

After decades of continuous investment, China has completed a large number of key projects, improved the water conservancy infrastructure system, and significantly improved its ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.

In the Taihu Lake basin, which was hit by severe floods this year, the engineering system has also played a prominent role in safeguarding.

On July 14, water from Taihu Lake flowed into the Wangyu River through a nine-hole gate at the Wangting Water Conservancy Project, which is 2.2 kilometers away from the Taihu River at the intersection of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. "The water is big this year and we prepared early. Taihu Prevention General on April 28 gave us a dispatch order, requiring full drainage." Wang Ting water conservancy hub management director Zhou Bin said.

Taipu River and Wangyu River are the main channels for discharging flood water from Taihu Lake. This year's flood season, after the reinforcement and renovation of the Taipu Gate, Wangting water conservancy and Changshu water conservancy hub fully put into use. From July 3 to 18, during the 16 days when the water level of Taihu Lake exceeded the water level, the average daily drainage of Taipu Gate was 69.43 million cubic meters, and that of Wangting Water Project was 32.12 million cubic meters, which is equivalent to one day